Port Authority of New South Wales procedures to comply with its Port Safety Operating Licence and the NSW Coastal Waters Marine Pollution Plan were not effectively implemented. This resulted in delays to the required notifications and incident response, which contributed to prolonging the emergency.
Response by Port Authority of New South Wales
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority had not adequately managed the National Plan and annual exercises required to prepare for such incidents had not been conducted for 4 years before the incident. This probably resulted in the ineffective implementation of its Maritime Assistance Services procedures, the inefficient process for issuing directions and inadequate coordination of the incident with state authorities.
Portland Bay’s manager, Pacific Basin Shipping, did not provide the master advice about notifying authorities as per the ship’s safety management system emergency procedures, instead focusing on the engineering matters. This probably led to the master delaying the notification and the request for tug assistance.
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority, with direct control of key national emergency response arrangements, did not have the required understanding of its central role in any response, regardless of location. Consequently, its support to, and coordination with, the control agency in relation to emergency towage, salvage and refuge was inadequate, inconsistent with National Plan principles of a single, integrated and comprehensive response and significantly prolonged the emergency.
United Salvage was severely limited in its ability to provide the required salvage services as it did not own, operate or directly control any towage vessels for which it relied on towage providers. This limitation was not made clearly known to Portland Bay’s master, owners or managers or involved authorities to allow them to properly assess whether the most suitable towage vessels, including the emergency towage vessel, had also been promptly deployed for salvage and emergency response.
Response by United Salvage
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority’s Maritime Assistance Services procedures to support the National Plan for Maritime Environmental Emergencies (National Plan) were not effectively implemented. Consequently, there was a 12-hour delay in tasking the state’s nominated emergency towage vessel, Svitzer Glenrock, which significantly prolonged the emergency.
The Port Authority of New South Wales did not have a proper and correct understanding of its responsibilities for emergency response under its operating licence and relevant state plans. This contributed to the inadequate coordination of emergency towage, salvage and refuge, which were critical for the single, integrated and comprehensive response required and significantly prolonged the emergency.
Response by Port Authority of New South Wales
Transport for NSW (NSW Maritime), as the statutory agency responsible for ensuring that New South Wales was prepared to respond to an incident in accordance with the state’s plan that it maintained, had not effectively met this obligation. This resulted in the long delay in New South Wales assuming control of the incident and contributed to the inadequate coordination of the emergency response required for a single, integrated and comprehensive response and significantly prolonged the emergency.
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority’s process to issue directions was inefficient and resulted in excessive time to issue directions allowing Portland Bay to enter Port Botany as a place of refuge. While this delay did not further prolong the emergency, such delays increase risk in time‑critical situations.
Documentation supporting the training and competency assessment of launch coxswains was limited in detail and training records were incomplete.
The safety management system for Corsair did not include detailed guidance and reference material for the safe navigation of Port Phillip Heads, the effective use of launch navigational equipment and the role of the launch deckhand in supporting safe navigation.
The ship's managers' (CMA CGM) safety management system procedures and guidance for steering gear operation across its fleet were ambiguous and did not clarify the different terminology to those commonly used by the industry. This increased the risk of incorrect configuration of the steering gear, which occurred on board CMA CGM Puccini.
Maritime Safety Queensland and Poseidon Sea Pilots did not have a process to jointly and effectively identify and risk assess the hazards to shipping and pilotage that were outside normal environmental conditions.
The Pilbara Ports Authority's port user guidelines and procedures did not reflect the best practice escort towage guidance detailed in the port's draft escort towage strategy and business continuity plan. The detail of these improved towage practices, designed to reduce the risk of channel blockages, were also not integrated into the Port Hedland Pilots' safety management system and were consequently, inconsistently applied by pilots.
Although Hagen Oldendorff’s steering and rudder angle indicator systems complied with the applicable rules and regulations, neither the SOLAS regulations, nor the rules of the ship’s responsible classification society, Lloyd’s Register, mandated protection of the ship's rudder angle indication systems against a single point of failure in power supply, nor did they require installation of audible or visual alerts to notify the bridge team of a power failure affecting the indicators.
Response by the Liberia Maritime Authority
Although Hagen Oldendorff’s steering and rudder angle indicator systems complied with the applicable rules and regulations, neither the SOLAS regulations, nor the rules of the ship’s responsible classification society, Lloyd’s Register, mandated protection of the ship's rudder angle indication systems against a single point of failure in power supply, nor did they require installation of audible or visual alerts to notify the bridge team of a power failure affecting the indicators.
Response by Australian Maritime Safety Authority
Although Hagen Oldendorff’s steering and rudder angle indicator systems complied with the applicable rules and regulations, neither the SOLAS regulations, nor the rules of the ship’s responsible classification society, Lloyd’s Register, mandated protection of the ship's rudder angle indication systems against a single point of failure in power supply, nor did they require installation of audible or visual alerts to notify the bridge team of a power failure affecting the indicators.
Response by Lloyd’s Register
The Pilbara Ports Authority's port user guidelines and procedures did not reflect the best practice escort towage guidance detailed in the port's draft escort towage strategy and business continuity plan. The details of these improved towage practices, designed to reduce the risk of channel blockages, were also not integrated into the Port Hedland Pilots' safety management system and were, consequently, inconsistently applied by pilots.
Maritime Safety Queensland (MSQ) did not have structured or formalised risk or emergency management processes or procedures. Consequently, MSQ was unable to adequately assess and respond to the risks posed by the river conditions and current exceeding operating limits and ensure the safety of berthed ships, port infrastructure or the environment, and avoid CSC Friendship’s breakaway.
Poseidon Sea Pilots’ (PSP) safety management system for pilotage operations did not have procedures or processes to manage predictable risks associated with increased river flow or pilotage operations outside normal conditions. This, in part, resulted in PSP not considering risks due to the increased river flow properly and not taking an active role until after the breakaway.
