Drug and alcohol use in pilots can have a detrimental impact on aviation safety. Important cognitive and psychomotor functions necessary for safe operation of an aircraft can be significantly impaired by drugs and alcohol. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and nature of drug and alcohol-related accidents and incidents in Australian civil aviation. A search of the Australian Transport Safety Bureau's accident and incident database was conducted for all occurrences in which drugs or alcohol were recorded between 1 January 1975 and 31 March 2006. There were 36 drug and…

Approximately 1.5 to 2 billion passengers fly on the world's civil aircraft each year. As the population ages, the number of air travellers increases and longer routes are flown by bigger aircraft, the number of medical events involving passengers is anticipated to increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, nature, type and extent of medical problems and injuries occurring in passengers on board civil registered aircraft. The aim, in particular, was to determine the most common in-flight medical problems in passengers, and what proportion of these events result in an…

This research paper examined the number and rate of fatal accidents in Australia, Queensland and Far North Queensland involving aircraft with a maximum take-off weight of 11,000 kg or less between 1990 and 2005. The latest year available for exposure data (number of landings, flying hours) was 2004. The purpose of this paper was to examine fatal accidents in Queensland, and specifically Far North Queensland, and provide a context in which to view the results. However, the examination of fatal aircraft accidents from a regional or state perspective raised issues that limited the conclusions…

On the 20th May 1988 at approximately 1609 hours, a Cessna 172 collided with a Piper Tomahawk in the circuit area at Coolangatta, Queensland. The accident, in which four people died, occurred in conditions of good visibility. This collision and others which occurred in the late 1980s drew attention to the deficiencies of the see-and-avoid concept. The Coolangatta accident report stated that: 'As a result ofthis accident,the Bureau of Air Safety Investigation has undertaken to conduct an evaluation and prepare a report on the practicability of the see and be seen (see-and-avoid) principle in…

Civil aviation safety is based on managing the safety of knowledge of things that can affect the safety of flight. One of these sets of knowledge is confidence that the facilities at the destination will be good enough to give confidence of a safe landing. Weather at the destination can affect the safety of a landing. Detailed historical records are kept of weather observations and weather forecasts. This study has analysed the level of statistical confidence that has been achieved with destination weather forecasts under various conditions. It has also looked at other mechanisms that are or…

Significant attention has been given in the literature to aviation safety, with emphasis on the importance of developing and maintaining resilience to accidents.  To date, this attention has remained at the conceptual level, with comparatively little empirical research undertaken to test the validity of concepts put forward in the literature. This report presents the findings of a qualitative study, investigating the factors perceived to facilitate safety culture and institutional resilience within airlines.  Thirty-two senior managers, drawn from Safety Departments and Flight…

This report presents a tool for representing and analysing recorded voice data in investigations of aviation occurrences, or other transport occurrences. The report is one part of a research consultancy project conducted by the author for the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB). The two project outcomes are the result of around one month's full-time activity, conducted over March to June 2006. The overall aim of the project is to explore the potential value of an established sociological academic research methodology, called conversation analysis (often CA), for representing and…

How does Australias aviation safety record compare with that of other Western countries? To answer this, fatal accident and fatality rates for Australia were compared with similar rates for the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand, between 1995 and 2004 (the latest year for which comparable data was available). The ATSB aviation accident and incident database was searched to identify all fatal accidents involving Australian civil registered aircraft during this period. The dataset was then matched with comparable datasets for the overseas countries, taking into…

This study provides an overview of aircraft cabin safety communications in Australia, in terms of effectiveness, passenger attitudes to such communications and opportunities that exist for improvement. Most passengers agreed that paying attention to cabin safety communications is important. However, results revealed that behaviours do not always match this perception. Perceived relevance of safety information and frequency of travel were found to be significant factors affecting passenger attitudes and behaviours. High levels of message recognition, combined with excessive levels of…

Technical Analysis Report " Short Bros. SD360-300, VH-SUM EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On 13 August 2000, a Shorts SD-360 aircraft (VH-SUM) sustained an in-flight shutdown of the right engine, which was later attributed to the seizure of the gas generator and power sections of the turbine. Further examination of the engine by the ATSB and Pratt & Whitney Canada showed the seizure to have stemmed from the distress and severe overheating of the engine number one bearing in the compressor section. Despite the degree of damage to the bearing races, evidence of electrical arcing damage was found on the…